Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea is a small country in Central Africa. The country has a population of 736,000 people. It is known to be a country with low human rights.
Mark Spitz is an American swimmer who won 11 Olympic medals, 9 of them gold, one sliver and one bronze. In the Munich 1972 summer Olympics, he won seven gold medals being the second most decorated Olympian of all time.
Ulrike Meyfarth is a German high jumper. In the Munich 1972 summer Olympics, she jumped 1.92 meters, breaking the world record and at 16 years old. In her whole life, she won two gold medal and a silver.
Valeri Borzov is a Ukrainian sprinter who competed for the former USSR. In the Munich '72 summer Olympics, Valeri won the gold medal in the 100 m sprint. In the 200 m, he won another gold. In Olympic sprinting, he won two gold medals, one sliver, and two bronze.
Mary Peters is a British pentathlon athlete. In the Munich summer Olympics, she won the gold medal in Pentathlon by ten points.
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Klaus Wolfermann is a German javelin thrower throwing for the former West Germany. In the summer Olympic Games in 1972, he won the gold medal in javelin. In 1973, he set a world record for the javelin event.
Olga Korbut is a Belarusian gymnast who competed for former USSR. In the Games in 1972, Olga won three gold medals and a sliver in gymnastics. Olga has won all together in Olympic medals four gold medal and two sliver.
Finn (dinghy)
| Current Specifications | |
|---|---|
Class Symbol
| |
| Crew | 1 |
| LOA | 4.5 m (14 ft 9 in) |
| LWL | 4.34 m (14 ft 3 in) |
| Beam | 1.47 m (4 ft 10 in) |
| Draft | 0.17 m (6.7 in) |
| Hull weight | 107 kg (236 lb) |
| Mast height | 6.66 m (21 ft 10 in) |
| Mainsail area | 10.6 m2 (114 sq ft) |
| D-PN | 90.1[1] |
| RYA PN | 1060[2] |
| Infobox last updated: 13 Aug 2012 [1] | |
| Olympic Class | |
The Finn dinghy is the men's single-handed, cat-rigged Olympic class for sailing. It was designed by Swedish canoe designer, Rickard Sarby, in 1949 for the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Since the 1952 debut of the boat, the design has been in every summer Olympics, making it one of the most prolific Olympic sailboats as it is the longest serving dinghy in the Olympic Regatta.[3] It currently fills the slot for the Heavyweight Dinghy at the Olympic games. It has been contended that the Finn is the most physical and tactical singlehander sailboat in the world.[4]
Although the Finn hull has changed little since 1949, there have been developments to the rig. The original spars were made of wood until the late 60’s and early 70’s when there was a slow change to aluminum masts. Aluminum is significantly more flexible and gives more control over sail shape. It became common place after the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich when they were first supplied to Olympic sailors. Recently, carbon fiber masts have become common place in competitive Finn fleets. The sails too have gone through revolution and are now commonly made of Kevlar. The class rules are overseen by the International Finn Association.
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
1972 West Germany | |||
The Dragon
The Dragon was designed by Norwegian Johan Anker in 1929. In 1948 the Dragon became an Olympic Class, a status it retained until the Munich Olympics in 1972. The Dragon's long keel and elegant metre-boat lines remain unchanged, but today Dragons are constructed using the latest technology to make the boat durable and easy to maintain. GRP construction was introduced in 1973 and the rigging has been regularly updated.
The Dragon Class is actively represented in over 26 countries in 5 Continents. There were 1444 boats registered in 2004 and the number of boats built has averaged 45 per year. There are many more which are used for day sailing or cruising. The World Championships are held in every odd year and the European Championships are held annually. The Gold Cup, which can only be held in certain specified European countries, is unique in that all six races count without discard. It is held annually and often attracts over 100 entries, usually starting in one fleet.
A strong Class Association manages the class rules carefully to ensure safety, high quality and uniformity. Spars and sails have a wide range of adjustment during racing, allowing a skillful crew to optimize the boat for any conditions. Crew weight limits, and restrictions on hiking out allow the Dragon to be raced successfully by a range of ages and genders. It is possible to trail the Dragon behind many four-wheel drive vehicles. It is often dry-sailed. It may be raced against boats of other classes, employing a Portsmouth Yardstick handicap of 986[1] or a D-PN of 89.5.[2]
Since 2008 the Dragon is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.
Soling
A Soling is a class of open keelboat designed by Jan Linge of Norway in 1965. In 1968, it was chosen from among many other boats to be the men's triple-handed boat for the 1972 Olympics. The Soling remained an Olympic boat until its final Olympic appearance at the 2000 Olympics. Since 2008 the Soling has been one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.
The Soling is a strong boat designed for any wind and sea conditions and is fun to sail. Fitness, sailing and team skills are basic requirements for good racing. The boats are made of fibreglass reinforced polyester and are One-design boats coming from an authorized single plug and mould, making competition as even as possible. Masts are made of aluminium alloy and the best known brand is Abbott, although Proctor, Børresen Bådebyggeri and other brands might be available in the market.
The lifetime of a Soling is long. Those produced in the early days still sail beautifully and some are still in competition (more than 30 years after being built). The average competition life of a Soling boat is considered 15 years making the Soling a perfect cost / benefit boat for racing purposes.
Sails are made of Dacron and the most used brands are: Doyle, North Sails, Elvstrøm Sails, UK-Halsey.
The Flying Dutchman (FD) is a 20-foot one-design high-performance two-person monohull racing dinghy. Developed in the early 1950s, its large sail area per unit weight allow it to plane easily when sailing upwind. The boat utilizes a trapeze harness for the crew and hiking straps for the skipper to counterbalance the wind force on its sails. It made its Olympic debut at the 1960 Olympics Games.
The FD is still one of the fastest racing dinghies in the world.[3] She carries a mainsail, a very large foresail genoa, and a large spinnaker for running and reaching. The FD has been the basis for many important innovations in sailing over the past half century:
Mr. Loeff, chairman of the Dutch Yachting Federation, agreed to discuss the boat at the November meeting of the IYRU, but required he see her sail first. As no prototype yet existed, this was hardly feasible to accomplish, but Conrad had the mould and hull built in one week, and the mast cut, stepped and the boat rigged in another. The boat was designed to be very simple, and consequently inexpensive to produce. The easily repeatable measurement system defined by Uss van Essen aided to that end. It took to the water against the 12m2 Sharpie and the Tornado dinghy at Loosdrecht one week before the IYRU meetings. Mr. Loeff was impressed, and took the plans to the IYRU for discussion. It was decided to hold trials for the new boat class in the summer of 1952 in the Netherlands, and the name of the design, Flying Dutchman, was born.
Star (sailboat)
The International Star (or Starboat) is a 6.9 m (22.7 ft) one-design racing keelboat for two people.
The boat must weigh at least 671 kg (1479.3 lb) with a maximum total sail area of 26.5 m2 (285 ft2). It is sloop-rigged, with a mainsail larger in proportional size than any other boat of its length. Unlike most modern racing boats, it does not use a spinnaker when sailing downwind. Instead, when running downwind a whisker pole is used to hold the jib out to windward for correct wind flow. Early Stars were built from wood, but modern boats are generally made of fiberglass.
The Star class pioneered an unusual circular boom vang track, which allows the vang to effectively hold the boom down even when the boom is turned far outboard on a downwind run. Another notable aspect of Star sailing is the extreme hiking position adopted by the crew and at times the helmsman, who normally use a harness to help hang low off the windward side of the boat with only their lower legs inside.
The Star was designed in 1910 by Francis Sweisguth—draftsman for William Gardner's Naval Architect office—and the first 22 were built in Port Washington, New York by Ike Smith during the winter of 1910-11. Since that time, over 8,400 boats have been built. The Star has been an Olympic Gamesclass since 1932. Although far from a modern design, the class remains popular today, with about 2,000 boats in active racing fleets in North America and Europe.
As a result of the 2011 Mid-Year Meeting in St. Petersburg, keelboats were removed from Sailing at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and therefore the Star class will not be in competition in Rio de Janeiro.[1]
Sources from Wikipeda
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_(keelboat)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finn_(dinghy)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soling
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Dutchman_(dinghy)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_(sailboat)
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